REPOSITÓRIO INSTITUCIONAL DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ (RI-UEM)
A missão do Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM) é reunir, preservar e permitir o acesso à memória institucional (científica, técnica, artística e administrativa) da Universidade Estadual de Maringá em formato digital.
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http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/10731| Autor(es): | Gargaro, Lorena Lima |
| Orientador: | Fontes, Carlos Edmundo R |
| Título: | Desenvolvimento de um Simulador em Realidade Virtual para Treinamento do Protocolo e-FAST na Urgência e Emergência |
| Banca: | Fontes, Carlos Edmundo Rodrigues |
| Banca: | Gurgel, Sanderland José Tavares |
| Banca: | Bitencourt, Marcos Rogério |
| Banca: | Marques, Vlaudimir Dias |
| Banca: | Lemos, Maurício Medeiros |
| Palavras-chave: | Educação Médica; Realidade Virtual; Avaliação Sonográfica Focada no Trauma; Fenômenos Biomecânicos; Simulação Realística;Education, Medical; Virtual Reality; Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma; Wounds and Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Simulation Training. |
| Data do documento: | 21-Ago-2026 |
| Editor: | Universidade Estadual de Maringá |
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| Resumo: | Introdução: A ultrassonografia point-of-care (POCUS), em especial o protocolo e-FAST, é essencial no atendimento ao trauma, permitindo a identificação rápida de líquido livre em cavidades abdominal e torácica. No Brasil, o trauma representa cerca de 12% dos óbitos anuais, e a tomografia computadorizada (padrão-ouro para diagnóstico) tem acesso limitado em unidades do SUS. O ensino tradicional do protocolo, porém, enfrenta barreiras como custo elevado de simuladores físicos, variabilidade da casuística clínica e falta de padronização curricular. Objetivo: Descrever o desenvolvimento de um simulador em realidade virtual (RV) como ferramenta de apoio ao ensino do protocolo e-FAST e discutir seu potencial na educação em urgência e emergência. Método: Estudo de desenvolvimento tecnológico conduzido em quatro fases: (1) concepção e levantamento de requisitos junto a especialistas em trauma e POCUS; (2) design pedagógico e seleção de cenários clínicos simulados baseados nos princípios do Advanced Trauma Life Support; (3) implementação técnica na Unreal Engine com integração de modelos MetaHumans para realismo anatômico e sistema de interação via Blueprints; (4) ciclos de refinamento e testes de viabilidade técnica para execução no Meta Quest 3, associado a uma estação computacional externa. Resultado: Obteve-se um sistema funcional e estável, contemplando as cinco janelas ultrassonográficas do protocolo e-FAST (hepatorrenal, esplenorrenal, pélvica, pericárdica e pleural bilateral) em pacientes virtuais de alta fidelidade. O simulador oferece dois módulos operacionais, sendo esses o modo Training, para comparação dirigida entre modelos positivos e negativos, e o modo Play, com três cenários clínicos gamificados que registram métricas de precisão diagnóstica e tempo de execução. Estima-se que a padronização do treinamento com simuladores possa reduzir custos assistenciais ao diminuir a dependência de exames complementares e otimizar fluxos de decisão clínica. Conclusão: O software demonstrou viabilidade técnica para execução no dispositivo Meta Quest 3 associado a uma estação computacional externa, com potencial para ampliar o acesso ao treinamento do e-FAST em instituições com recursos limitados. Estudos futuros são necessários para validar formalmente sua usabilidade e impacto educacional no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). |
| Abstract: | Introduction: Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), particularly the FAST/e-FAST protocol, is essential in trauma care, enabling rapid detection of free fluid in abdominal and thoracic cavities. In Brazil, external causes account for approximately 12% of annual deaths, and access to computed tomography (the diagnostic gold standard) remains limited in many public health system (SUS) units. Traditional teaching of the protocol faces barriers including the high cost of physical simulators, clinical casuistic variability, and lack of curricular standardization. Objective: To describe the development of a virtual reality (VR) simulator as a supportive tool for teaching the e-FAST protocol and to discuss its potential in emergency and urgency education. Method: This technological development study was conducted in four phases: (1) conception and requirements gathering with trauma and POCUS specialists; (2) pedagogical design and selection of simulated clinical scenarios based on Advanced Trauma Life Support principles; (3) technical implementation using Unreal Engine with MetaHuman integration for anatomical realism and Blueprint-based interaction logic; (4) refinement cycles and technical feasibility testing for execution on the Meta Quest 3 associated with an external computer workstation. Results: A functional and stable system was obtained, covering all five e-FAST ultrasound windows (hepatorenal, splenorenal, pelvic, pericardial, and bilateral pleural) in high-fidelity virtual patients. The simulator offers two operational modules — a Training mode for guided comparison between positive and negative models, and a Play mode featuring three gamified clinical scenarios that record diagnostic accuracy and completion time metrics. Standardized simulation-based training is expected to reduce healthcare costs by decreasing reliance on complementary imaging and optimizing clinical decision-making workflows. Conclusion: The software demonstrated technical feasibility for execution on the Meta Quest 3 device connected to an external computer workstation, with potential to expand access to e-FAST training in resource-limited institutions. Future studies are required to formally validate its usability and educational impact within the context of the Unified Health System (SUS). |
| URI: | http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/10731 |
| Aparece nas coleções: | 2.3 Dissertação - Ciências da Saúde (CCS) |
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