Conservação pós-colheita e controle da antracnose em frutos de maracujá-amarelo por derivados de capim-limão

Abstract

The yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) represents a major fruit crops in Brazil. The post harvest management is a limiting factor for culture because there is an increase in susceptibility to diseases and physicochemical changes in the fruit. The aim of this work was evaluate activity antifungal in vitro, the post harvest conservation and the control of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by treatment with lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) derivatives. Was evaluate the antifungal activity in vitro on mycelial growth, sporulation, spore germination and length of germ tubes by essential oil (OE) (0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 25 and 50 60 μL mL-1), aqueous extract autoclaved (EAA), aqueous extract filtered (EAF), and hydrolate of citral in 1, 5, 10, 20 and 25% concentrations. In vivo assay, fruits were treated with: Essential oil 0.1, 0.025 and 0.05%, hydrolates 5 and 10%, EBA 10% and citral 0.1%. Sterile distilled water was used as control. Was evaluated the incidence and severity of anthracnose every three days. After 15 days was evaluate the juice yield, mass reduced, pH, soluble solids, sugars, ascorbic acid and total acidity. The assays were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The four products tested showed antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides, especially Essential oil and citral. Derivatives of lemon grass hardly affected the physicochemical characteristics in fruits of yellow passion fruit post harvest, but the application of citral to 0.1%, promoted in phytotoxicity and delayed fruit ripening. Essential oil 0.1% and EBA 10% promoted reduction in the anthracnose severity. The derivatives showed potential of yellow passion fruit management in post harvest, however it is possible that more promising results can be obtained through adjustments in the formulations used.