Fertilização de um solo arenoso com torta de filtro e vinhaça para a cultura da cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

Due to the expansion of cane sugar in Parana especially in sandy soils, characterized by low nutritional content, it resorts to the use of waste as a filter cake and stillage, which can provide nutrients for the development of culture, showing minor problems related to leaching of nutrients. However, it is still necessary to study recommendations for dosages and organic fertilizers can provide the nutrients necessary for the development of cane sugar. The objective of the study was to establish the fertilization of sugar cane with filter cake and vinasse applied in isolation and combined form for sandy soils. The trial was conducted at the Maringa University State, Umuarama campus, held in drums with a capacity of 200 liters, using as an experimental basis psamitic distrofic Red Latossol. The treatments consisted of applications of 0, 10, 20 and 40 t ha-1 filter cake and dosages of 0, 50, 100 and 200 m3 ha-1 vinasse; than the combination of waste for each of the dosages used separately, resulting in 16 treatments in total, in factorial design (4 x 4) in randomized blocks with four replications. During the development of sugar cane was performed thinning remaining six plants per drum, harvested at 360 days after emergence, evaluating the green mass, plant height and stalk yield and technological quality. Two samplings of soil to the layer of 0.80 meters, evaluating pH-H2O, exchangeable aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus. The sole application of filter cake significantly increased the levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium to 0.40 m layer, contributing in the stalk yield, and the dosage of 37.5 t ha-1 given the highest performance culture. To vinasse were significant increases in nutritional content to a depth 0.60 m, reflected in increased crop production parameters with dosage of 186 m3 ha-1. For combination of waste, were observed no significant gains in soil fertility and crop productivity. The applications of waste did not result in increases in the technological quality of sugar cane for Pol, ºBrix and Fiber.