Utilização de homeopatila 100® em dieta para tilápia do nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the homeopathic product Homeopatila 100® on the levels of cortisol, glucose, hemoglobin and on hematologic parameters of the fish "tilapia do Nilo" (Oreochromis niloticus). An homogeneous group of 60 fish weighting on average 98.11 ± 0.10 g was randomly distributed in 6 polyethylene 1,000-L water tanks of 10 fish each, at a daily water turnover of 20%. These fish were divided into two treatments: 30 fish as a control and 30 fish receiving the treatment with Homeopatila 100®. The investigation was divided into three assessments. The first evaluated the cortisol level of the "tilapia" at the end of the experimental period of 60 days. The animals were anesthetized with 1g benzocaine/10 L water. After anesthesia, 3 ml of blood were collected with EDTA-containing syringe, and plasma cortisol was determined through radioimmunoassay using the Coat-a-Count kit - DPC (Diagnostic Products Corporation). In the fish receiving Homeopatila 100® the mean plasma cortisol was 17.19 ng/mL ± 0.95 and in the control group it was 38.68 ng/mL ± 1.21. The second assessment evaluated glucose and hemoglobin at the days 0 (zero), 15, 35, and 60 of the experimental period. After capture, each animal was anesthetized with benzocaine and 1.0 mL of blood was collected of each animal through caudal puncture with 10% EDTA-containing syringe. Glicemia was determined through enzymatic method using Labtest kit (Glicose God-Ana) and hemoglobin was determined through the cyanomethemoglobin method. The animals of the control group showed a significant increase in the mean glucose concentration, 58.27 ± 1.32 ng/mL, while the experimental group had 34.60 ± 0.73 ng/mL. Hemoglobin values were 5.38 ± 0.16 ng/mL for the experimental group and 5.98 ± 0.31 ng/mL for the controls. At the third assessment it was evaluated the hematological parameters at days 0 (zero), 15, 35 and 60 of the experimental period. After capture, each animal was anesthetized with benzocaine and 1 mL of blood was collected through caudal puncture with the aid of 10% EDTA-containing syringe. This blood was used for hematocrit determination and differential counting of lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and thrombocytes. Hematocrit was determined according to the method of GOLDENFARD et al. (1971) and mean concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin (CHCM), mean corpuscular volume (VCM) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (HCM) according to WINTROBE (1974). The number of erythrocytes was determined in hematimetric chambers of Neubauer. The counts of leucocytes and thrombocytes were made in extensions stained through the method of ROSENFELD (1947). The results of the hematological parameters in the control group were the following: lymphocytes (%) 41.88 ± 1.41, neutrophils (%) 31.73 ± 1.46, monocytes (%) 7.04 ± 0.19, eosinophils (%) 1.29 ± 0.23, basophils (%) 1.06 ± 0.12, thrombocytes (%) 57.88 ± 1.43, hematocrit (%) 32.80 ± 0.80, erythrocytes (%) 3.15 ± 0.19, VCM (%) 100.97 ± 1.51, HCM (%) 19.41 ± 0.75, CHCM (%) 19.47 ± 0.53. In the experimental group, the results were the following: lymphocytes (%) 43.54 ± 0.88, neutrophils (%) 30.07 ± 0.87, monocytes (%) 6.78 ± 0.40, eosinophils (%) 1.95 ± 0.20, basophils (%) 1.06 ± 0.16, thrombocytes (%) 69.71 ± 0.02, hematocrit (%) 30.92 ± 0.76, erythrocytes (%) 5.38 ± 0.16, VCM (%) 133.69 ± 0.71, HCM (%) 22.34 ± 0.33, CHCM (%) 16.22 ± 0.34. In the conditions of this study, it is concluded that the animals that received Homeopatila 100® showed a significant increase in the percentage of lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and thrombocytes, while monocytes and basophils showed no changes (p>0.05). The plasma levels of cortisol, glucose and hemoglobin were significantly lower in the fish receiving Homeopatila 100®, when compared to the animals of the control group.