Microencapsulação da fração hexânica obtida a partir do extrato alcoólico dos frutos de Pterodon pubscen Benth. (Sucupira branca)

Abstract

The fruits of the genus Pterodon have several pharmacological properties, among them the anti-inflammatory activity. It was found that the fruit oil and its fractions showed no stability at ambient conditions, requiring refrigeration. Due to this finding, and being the microencapsulation, a technique used to protect drugs, especially those that are subject to degradation. The present study aimed to microencapsulate hexane fraction obtained from the alcoholic extract of the white sucupira fruits (Pterodon pubescens Benth.) (FHPp) in a binary polymer system consisting of the combination sodium alginate-chitosan low and medium molecular weight and deacetylated technical grade greater than or equal to 75% deacetylated using the complex coacervation method or by spray drying prepared with only sodium alginate. It has been found that it is possible to microencapsulate hexane fraction as assessed by quantification of vouacapans present in the microcapsules, since the yield (71.37 ± 1.38), microencapsulation efficiency (approximately 93.22%) and profile release (75.88%) were satisfactory for microcapsules prepared with the combination of alginate-chitosan low molecular weight. Statistical analysis by ANOVA revealed that the microcapsules obtained from different polymeric associations differed in relation to the content of vouacapans level of p <0.05, which was confirmed by post-hoc Tukey test and T- Student. The results showed that the best formulation obtained was prepared from the combination alginate - low molecular weight chitosan by the coacervation method. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy of microcapsules produced by coacervation showed spherical, flat and crowded. This agglomeration is mainly due to the electrostatic interactions between the chains of alginate and chitosan. The microcapsules obtained by spray drying in drier porous and rough surface showed a characteristic polymer used, the alginate. It can also be observed microcapsules flattened and disk-shaped, a characteristic of the drying process in spray drier. The analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the microcapsules were amorphous similar to the alginate characteristics. The experiments of Raman and Infrared by Fourier Transform, indicated by feature bands, the microencapsulation of fraction under study. The thermal analysis showed that the polymer system used, had higher amounts of water when FHPp was microencapsulated.