Análise da morbimortalidade de jovens vítimas de acidentes de trânsito

Abstract

This thesis consisted of two articles. The first article was aimed to analyze the trend of mortality of young victims of traffic accidents in the State of Paraná. We conducted an analytical study, ecological and temporal series on deaths by terrestrial transport accidents among young people (15-24 years) in the 1996-2013 periods. The data from the Mortality Information System (SIM), provided by the Department of Health System Information (DATASUS). Were calculated mortality rates and trend analysis conducted using polynomial regression models. Of the 11,167 deaths from traffic accidents 82.0% were males. There was significant and growing trend for accidents mortality rates for both sexes occurred with riders, car occupants and truck. The average mortality rate of accidents involving motorcyclists was 10.0 deaths per 100,000 residents, an increase of 1.94 per year for men and 0.31 for women (r²=0,94). Car occupants obtained increasing trend with an annual increase of 0.57 for men and 0.27 for women (r2 = 0.90). Pedestrians showed downward trend in mortality with an average annual decrease of 0.32 for men and 0.09 for women. The second article was to analyze morbidity by factors associated with the occurrence of non-fatal traffic accidents in relation to age. This was a study of a retrospective, cross-sectional analytical type carried out in Maringá-PR, with data from the Traffic Accident Occurrence Reports (BOAT) of Paraná State Military Police. By probabilistic sampling, the sociodemographic aspects, logistics, and environmental conditions at the time of occurrence of 418 cases of accidents were analyzed. The age of drivers victims was considered the dependent variable. Data were analyzed by descriptive, bivariate, multivariate statistics and analysis of variance, considering a confidence interval of 95% and a significance level of 5% (p <0.05).It showed that young people (15-29 years) were twice as likely to be hospitalized for traffic accidents due to serious injuries. Young bikers have 2.5 more chances of getting injured (p = <0.001), but the use of other vehicles such as car, bicycle, bus and truck represented a protective factor for this group (p = <0.05). Multiple logistic regression revealed that the main predictors for the occurrence of accidents were being single, have over eight years of schooling, have driver's license for less than three years, highway with low light and night driving. With regard to mortality from traffic accidents, there was significant increasing trend for fatalities of both sexes especially among the group of motorcyclists followed by car occupants, being more serious in the first group. Although there decrease in the trend of mortality among pedestrians it is possible to explain this phenomenon by the transfer of the cause of death for the other groups, as they are no longer being pedestrians and becoming users of motor vehicles. As for morbidity demographic, environmental and logistical factors were associated with morbidity due to traffic accidents, and young people, the most vulnerable group. These results challenge the society and their managers to create more effective strategies to minimize this serious public health problem.