Prevalência das doenças infectocontagiosas e o descarte de hemocomponentes em um banco de sangue do sul do Brasil

Abstract

Blood donation is one of the noblest acts of a human being when the goal is to save lives. As important as the donation, are the screening criteria included in the blood cycle that aim to guarantee quality of all the blood components produced. The current ordinance in Brazil determines the investigation of infectious diseases (hepatitis B and C, HIV, Chagas disease, syphilis and HTLV I and II) by serological and molecular methodologies in all blood banks in the country. The objective of this research was to investigate the prevalence rates of donors with clinical, serological disability and those who used the self-exclusion vote, in blood donation candidates at the Hemingway Regional Maringá between 2011 and 2016. The study has a transverse and retrospective character. The data was captured in the Hemovida management software. The total number of candidates was 64,205, of which 16,640 were unfit (25.6%). The greatest cause of male disability was sexual intercourse with a non-fixed partner (26.5%), and female anemia (19.0%). Of the 48,265 eligible 663 (1.4%) used the self-exclusion vote after blood collection, totaling 47,977 donations, of these 2.4% presented serological failure. The most prevalent marker was anti-HBc (1.1%), followed by syphilis (0.8%), HCV (0.3%), HIV 1/2 (0.2%), HTLV I/II (0.1%) and Chagas (0.1%). This prevalence was responsible for the discard of 1,154 bags collected. Among these donors, 39.9% were female; The predominant age group was 28 to 38 years old, (25.2%); the married ones had more positivity for the infect contagious diseases (56.0%); and the schooling that prevailed was high school with (49.3%).