Prevalência de resistência aos antirretrovirais transmitida entre indivíduos infectados pelo HIV-1 nas regiões Noroeste e Norte do Paraná

Abstract

Despite advances in therapy, the occurrence of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a challenge to successful treatment. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic diversity and to determine the prevalence of primary resistance of HIV-1, in the North and Northwest of Paraná. Therefore, we selected 260 patients with HIV-1, antiretroviral therapy-naive, which were divided into two groups, one consisting of individuals recently infected (n = 39) and other with individuals with chronic infection (n = 221). One hundred and seventy samples were evaluated for subtype and the presence of mutations associated with transmitted drug-resistance was evaluated in 19 in the Recent group and in 151 in the Chronic group. Of the 170 samples genotyped, 53.5% were of subtype B, 27.6% subtype C, 5.8% subtype F1, and 12.9% were recombinant forms. The overall prevalence of transmitted resistance in this study was 5.9%, with 10.5% for the Recent and 5.3% for the chronic group and did not differ among the groups. The prevalence of resistance mutations found in this study was moderate, suggesting the need for perform genotyping tests before institution of antiretroviral therapy in the State of Paraná.