A influência do acesso inadequado à higiene bucal no nível ósseo marginal peri-implantar. Estudo prospectivo longitudinal de 4 anos

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of lack of proper access to oral hygiene on peri-implant marginal bone level. The sample was composed by 41 patients that harbored partial implant-supported bridges for 5-6 years of loading. All patients presented implants with probing depth ≤5mm associated or not with bleeding on probing. The patients were considered as having lack of proper access to implant hygiene as follow: after supervised oral hygiene procedure, the implants presenting at least one aspect that harbored plaque were considered as not having proper access to hygiene (No Proper Hygiene Group - NPH) whereas implants presenting all aspects free of plaque were considered as having proper access to oral hygiene (Proper Hygiene Group - PH). Marginal bone level (MBL) and clinical parameters such as modified plaque index (mPI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and amount of keratinized mucosa (KM) were assessed at the implants sites. After 4-years time interval, radiographic and clinical parameters were reevaluated. After the 4-year follow-up, the mean MBL reduction in the NPH was statistically higher than in the PH group (0.45 vs. 0.15mm). The BoP in the NPH was also statistically higher than in the PH. There was, however, no difference of the PPD values and amount of KM between the groups. The lack of adequate access to oral hygiene on dental implants lead to plaque accumulation and significant reduction of peri-implantar MBL.