Análise cinemática e cinética do salto vertical de crianças com síndrome de Down e com desenvolvimento típico

Abstract

The present paper aimed to evaluate the kinetic and kinematic characteristics of vertical jump of children with Down syndrome and typical development aged between 6 and 10. The descriptive study involving 12 children with Down syndrome and 12 children with typical development. Were used to collect vertical jump a Canon camera model and a force platform EMGsystem. The sampling rates were 210 Hz and 500 Hz for kinemetry to kinetic. After adjustment of the child to the laboratory, collected three vertical jumps were valid. The kinematic data were edited in Software FadeToBlack and bi-dimensional reconstruction of the vertical jump was used Skillspector Software version 1.5, Matlab was used to calculate and plot the data on kinetic and kinematic variables. Data were filtered through the filter of 4th order Butterworth with cut off frequency of 4Hz. Statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney test, descriptive analysis beyond the calculation of the coefficient of variation. The results revealed that the propulsion phase of the vertical jump, children with Down syndrome showed statistically significant difference in the hip and knee flexion, which is lower when compared with typically developing children at time of less ground reaction force, as well as the strength / weight of children with Down syndrome was lower than that of children with typical development. To drive in the peak propulsion phase, the children of the SD group showed insufficient ankle plantarflexion compared with the children of the DT group, strength / weight lower, both statistically significant. In the flight phase the children with Down syndrome showed statistically significant difference for time and flight time, and these values were lower when compared to children with typical development. Finally, during the landing phase, children with Down syndrome showed the degree of knee flexion strength and lower weight compared to children with typical development. Children with Down syndrome presented larger variability in the movements carried out mainly by the segment of the trunk to the task of the vertical jump. Thus it certifies that children with Down syndrome have distinctive forms of movement for the vertical jump, using the body segments and the ground reaction force different from children with typical development.