Efeito protetor do exercício físico aeróbico de curto prazo sobre funções cardiometabólicas em ratos submetidos a uma dieta hiperlipídica

Abstract

The sedentary lifestyle and the feeding with high caloric content influence directly in energetic and metabolic descontrol, these being, Strong predictors for a increase of a obesity in last years. However, the practice on physical exercise is considered a efficient non-pharmacological tratament against disease resulting of obesity. So, the objective of study was tested whether the aerobic physical exercise, with moderate intensity, performed for a short term and frequence, offer pretection against the cardiometabolic dysfunctions induced for intake a high fat diet in adult rats. So, the objective of study was tested whether the aerobic physical exercise, with moderate intensity, performed for a short term and frequency, offer protection against the cardiometabolic dysfunctions induced for intake a high fat diet in adult rats. For this, male rats with 60 days-old, were submitted to exercise program three times a week for 30 days. At the end of the exercise protocol, trained rats received a high fat diet (HFD) for 30 days (HFD-EXE). Sedentary animals receiving HFD (HFD-SED). Other two exercise groups (NFD-EXE) or sedentary (SED-NFD), were treated with commercial diet. Food intake and body weight were measured weekly. At 120 days- old, the animals were subjected to intravenous glucose tolerance test for subsequent measurement of blood glucose and insulin. A group apart, was used to verify cardiovascular parameters and electrical activity of the autonomic nerves. Subsequently were removed and weighed the retroperitoneal, periepididymal and mesenteric fat stores. The data were analyzed in the statistical program GraphPad Prism, version 6.0 with the t-test or two-way ANOVA test and Tukey post test. Our results show that body weight gain induced by DH was prevented in previously trained animals. Exercise did not affect food intake, yet DH reduced food intake. The HFD induced an increase in body fat stores, which was prevented by prior execution of exercise. The glycemic uncontrolled caused by ingestion of DH was prevented by prior execution of the exercise. The HFD induced an increase in body fat stores, which was prevented by prior execution of exercise. The glycemic uncontrolled caused by ingestion of DH was prevented by prior execution of the exercise. The DH increased vagal activity and previous physical exercise prevented this increase and stimulate higher sympathetic activity in control animals. The prior exercise reduced the systolic and diastolic control animals, however, the HFD intake blocked this effect in HFD animals. It is concluded that previous physical exercise prevented the increase in body fat, glycemic dysfunction and autonomic dysfunction. Already HFD intake was effective in increasing the amount of body fat, develop of glycemic and autonomic uncontrolled and prevent the effects of physical exercise on blood pressure.