Imagem corporal e desempenho motor de adolescentes escolares

Abstract

The prupose of this study is to evaluate the association between the level of body image disturbance and motor performance level on adolescent students from Maringá - PR. The sample of this research consisted of 372 adolescent students from Public Schools of Maringa-PR, of both sexes, aged 12 to 14 years. This study design has ex post facto correlational linear monocasional-transversal character. The following instruments were used: participant identification sheet, Body Image Questionnaire (BSQ), and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). A descriptive analysis was performed using Excel 2007 and the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15.0. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences between the percentage of independent variables and dependent variables. The Odds Ratio values were used for possible associations between the independent variable and the other obtained from the motor tests. The confidence interval was 95%. For the data correlation it was performed the Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test. When there was it no correlation, it was used the Spearman correlation. It is concluded that 66.4% of the adolescents was within the appropriate BMI for age (20.7 ± 3.7 kg/m2). However, 32% of adolescents were above the ideal weight for their age and sex. The prevalence of obesity in adolescents in relation with sex presents 1.037 times the odds of female adolescents than males. Dissatisfaction with body image among adolescent students indicated an average of 33.3% of adolescents who presented degree of distortion of body image. The prevalence level of body image disturbance in relation to sex was higher in females (4.698). It was observed that the likelihood of students with obesity to present level of distortion of body image is 3.351 times higher than the non-obese adolescents. Identifying the prevalence level of motor performance of school adolescents in relation to gender observed that girls have 1.001 times more likely to have motor difficulties than boys. Obese adolescents students are more likely to have motor difficulties in the categories of Manual Dexterity (p = 0.008 - OR = 2.251) and Throwing and Catching (p = 0.021 - OR = 0.598). Checking the association between body image disturbance and Performance Level Motor adolescents, it has association between the variables, and this association is direct and positive, indicating a linear trend between the variables. The school-level distortion of body image have 0.705 times more likely to have motor difficulties. These results demonstrates that there is an association between Body Image and Motor Performance.