Encontros musicais como recurso no cuidado de enfermagem em cuidados paliativos oncológicos : uma análise fenomenológica

Abstract

Current investigation is the result of the author's academic and professional experiences with regard to cancer patients' nursing and palliative care-giving and interests in Music. Research is based on a phenomenological qualitative study in Heidegger's existential analysis. Research is aimed towards patients and their families that experience the trauma of cancer in a clinic and musical venues held thereby. The ontological sector comprised the hidden subjectivity in the experience of patients in the Women's Clinic against Cancer in Maringá PR Brazil. Eight musical venues were held on Mondays, approximately between 5.30 pm and 7 pm during January and February 2011. Thirty-three subjects (20 patients and 13 family members) participated in the musical venues although only 12 (7 patients and 5 family members) were interviewed. They were chosen because of a pre-established criterion comprising participation in at least three encounters. The following basic question was presented so that the phenomenon might be understood: What do these musical venues represent to you at this specific moment in your life? Research project was appreciated and approved by the Ethics Committee in Research on Humans (Copep) of the State University of Maringá (Process 614/2010), since it deals with ethical aspects regulated by Decree 196/1996 of CNS-MS. Investigation revealed that musical venues inspired a zest for life of the subjects concerned and gave them a sensation of care, or rather, a re-meaning in being-in-the-world-with-cancer and in the co-existing-in-the-world with cancer, and thus, a meaning in-being-in-a-cancer-clinic. Music super-eminence mediated the co-presence of subjects, making feasible social interactivities, entertainment, experience-sharing, expectation and strategies of facing the disease. In other words, it made possible the being-with-the-other in the existential temporality with cancer. The author's palliative intention to humanize nursing care, giving comfort, minimizing suffering to terminal illness people and their relatives and thus, and contributing towards improvement of their life quality, was thus materialized.