Investigação acerca das orientações para o cuidado no pós-operatório de de revascularização miocárdica

Abstract

It's important that the nurse is prepared to advise his/her patient throughout all the operating periods, including at the time of hospital discharge. The effective communication among patient, relatives, and health professionals is essential for a good quality postoperative period. This is an exploratory-descriptive study, which has set out to investigate the orientation given to patients subjected to myocardial revascularization (MR) surgery at the time of discharge. It has been used the convenience sampling of 23 subjects, including all the surgical revascularized patients who have returned for their first follow-up in the outpatient clinic and in the medical practice, even if they had undergone other surgeries concomitantly with MR. Data collection was carried out within the period of May to August 2005, in a public-private hospital located in a municipality from western Paraná. It was used a questionnaire with open, mixed and multiple choice questions elaborated by the researcher and analyzed by experts in the area. The demands of Resolution no. 196/96 - CNS (Conselho Nacional de Saúde, the Brazilian National Health Council) have been met. Among the results obtained, it stands out that 18 (78.3%) were male; 17 (74%) patients would like to obtain clarifying information about how to look after themselves at home; and 13 (57%) did receive some orientation upon discharge, normally provided by the doctor, but without the attention to inform the basic contents to each one. The instructions were regarded as easy by 10 (44%) of the patients, even though they could not explain why they regarded them as such; 9 (39%) patients considered them difficult to be memorized due to the great amount of information; and 4 (17%) received no orientation. Among the subjects, 10 (43.5%) could not recall the orientation received; 8 (34.5%) reported to remember it all; 4 (17.4%) did not receive any orientation; and 1 (4.3%) could only remember part of it. 17 (74%) subjects believed that a written orientation would ease their access to information at home. Based on the results, an Orientation Manual for care in the MR late postoperative period has been elaborated, reinforcing the importance of communication throughout all the operating periods, highlighting the need of having a nurse in the care process and in the orientation given to patients during all perioperative.