Um emprego x multiemprego e a capacidade para o trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem

Abstract

Cross-sectional study, of quantitative approach, of pre-experimental type by comparison with static group, which aimed to investigate the capacity for work of nursing workers with one job and multiple jobs. It was applied a questionnaire, adapted of the "Inventário Sócio-Demográfico e Ocupacional" and "Work Ability Index" (WAI), to 208 nursing workers with one job (Group 1) and 52 with multiple jobs (Group 2), during the period from February to April 2011. The inventory has 20 structured and semi-structured questions, related to socio-demographic and occupational aspects; while the WAI consists of a self-administered questionnaire, composed of ten closed questions that assess the capacity for work, from the worker's perception. The punctuation achieved in WAI can range between 07 and 49 points and, according to the obtained score, the capacity for work was classified in Low (≤35 years old: 07-36; >35 years old: 07-27 points); Moderate (≤35 years old: 37-40; >35 years old: 28-36 points) Good (≤35 years old: 41-44; >35 years old: 37-43 points) and Great (≤35 years old:45-49; >35 years old: 44-49 points), according to the age of who answers. After this classification, aiming to compare the capacity for work of Group 1 and the capacity for work of Group 2 with the socio-demographic and occupational variables, it was proceeded with the reclassification of WAI in Inadequate, that corresponds to the sum of Low and Moderate scores, or Adequate, equivalent to the Good and Great scores. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Office Excel® and analyzed in the Statistics 8.0® and Epi Info 3.5.1®. In inferential analysis, Yates' Corrected Chi-square Test and Pearson's Test, considering the confidence interval of 95% and a significance level of 5%. The results were showed in the form of three scientific articles. At first, it was discussed the results of the Integrative Review about the capacity for work of nursing workers, in which it was obtained a total of 05 publications. The found productions indicated that, although reduced, in general, the capacity for work was good among nursing professionals. Among the determinants that act negatively, two studies indicated some socio-demographic conditions and two showed the job. Concerning the determinants that relate themselves positively, three studies noticed to be the lifestyle; the health; the level of education and the competence. In the second article, it was noticed the association of socio-demographic and occupational characteristics in nursing workers with one job and multiple jobs. It was found that the male and the not working overtime increase the odds ratio of having multiple jobs; and that the sick leave related to the work consists of a protective factor for not taking more than one job. In the third article, it was compared the influence of Socio-demographic and occupational variables on the capacity for work of nursing professionals with one job and multiple jobs. There was no found significant association between the number of jobs and the capacity for work; regarding the association of capacity for work with the socio-demographic and occupational variables, there was no difference between the nursing workers with multiple jobs and one job. It was noticed that the presence of a health problem, leave or restriction related to work, increased the people's odds ratio of having inadequate capacity for work, especially in those with multiple jobs. It was concluded that the capacity for work is not associated to the number of the investigated nursing workers' jobs. Moreover, especially in workers with multiple jobs, the Health is the determinant that interferes more in the capacity for work.