Física estatística aplicada ao estudo da dinâmica dos sismos e tempestades geomagnéticas

Abstract

In this work, we apply concepts and methods from statistical physics to analyze the dynamics of seismic and geomagnetic storms. We consider two time series, the seismic series of North of California and the Dst index. The first contains approximately 412000 records, in the period between 1984 to 1998, from one of the most active and studied geological faults on the planet. The Dst series, with approximately 334000 records in the period between 1957 to 2004, represents a global estimate of the horizontal magnetic Earth field variations for low latitudes. Particularly, in the seismic database case, we work with two series, Energy Series, to represents the energy dissipated E = exp(M), where M is the magnitude of earthquake, and Interval Series, which gives the time between an earthquake and the subsequent. From the Dst index, we derive other four series, Calm Interval Series, representing the time interval without storms, Storm Interval Series, which represents the duration of storms, Intensity Storm Series, representing the largest absolute value for the Dst in a storm and Damage Index Series, which provides the length and intensity of a storm. By using statistical physics properties, these series were analyzed and discussed, and their results can be seen as a way to understand a little more about the dynamics of the physical systems studied here.