Análise da degradação ambiental do parque municipal do cinquentenário, Maringá - PR

Abstract

This research aims to perform the multitemporal analysis, from 1970 to 2013, the Municipal du Cinquantenaire Park, a green protected by decree of law, with the goal of preservation and conservation, which is located in Maringá-PR. Simultaneously, it was objectified to investigate the urban expansion of Maringá relating it with the change in the landscape of the study area and the possible agents of this alteration.The employed methodology was developed with the use of remote sensors; air photographs and images of satellite; that they had assisted in the definition of the period of analysis that contemplated the years of 1970, 1989, 1995, 2010 and 2013, beyond the surveys in field that they make possible to characterize the processes of degradation of the elements physical and natural, jointly the advance of the urban mesh was analyzed, in the same period, direction to the Unit of Conservation. The results had shown that the ambient degradation in the place until the year of 1970 was incipient and possibly developed for the occupation form that contained located agricultural businesses in entorno of the study area. In the year of 1989 it was possible to visualize other processes degradantes, mainly in the vegetal covering inside of the limits of the park.In the year of 1995 the degradation of the vegetation was clearer with the presence of some clearings. In the year of 2010 new processes of ambient degradation they had appeared in result, mainly, of the sped up urban expansion, as the presence of erosive feições, more complex to be mitigated. In 2013, the results obtained by the analysis of urban sprawl and the natural and physical diagnosis, allowed the environmental analysis, which confirmed the amended relief being modeled by erosions developed mostly by human actions.The ground are losing its natural characteristics, had the withdrawal of the vegetal covering throughout the years and also had been modified in function of the carried through aterros.The vegetation is in state of regeneration due to the deforestation promoted in previous years that made with that the originary native bush of the park diminished and that had the proliferation of invading vegetation. The Mandacaru stream, in the stretch of the searched area, meets degraded, the canal of the river presents its excavated stream bed and the edges desestabilizadas with diverse erosions, one of the factors for this run down of the canal is the water launching of the pluvial galleries in the stream, tubings installed and the deposition of solid residues in entorno and the edges of the water course that migram for its stream bed. The gotten results had shown that the Unit of Conservation is presented degraded, in which almost all the physical and natural elements of the landscape are modified in result of the actions of the man that they had widely affected the ecosystem and the natural balance of the landscape. Proving thus the hypothesis traced initially in the research of that the existing ambient degradation in the park is related with the urban expansion and the occurred population adensamento in the adjacent areas. The taking of corrective and mitigadoras measures for the immediate recovery of the place fits to the responsible Public Agencies. It was also concluded from the gotten results that the methodology used in the multitemporal analysis exerted a satisfactory importance in the gotten ambient diagnosis, becoming practical its job with geotecnologias for a future plan of ambient management that could be implanted by the responsible Governmental bodies.