Anos bons e anos ruins, do ponto de vista climático, para as culturas do trigo e da soja no município de Campo Mourão - PR

Abstract

The municipality of Campo Mourão, state of Paraná, is located in an essential agricultural region, this way its economy is based on the agriculture.This kind of activity depends significantly on the climatic environment, mainly on the weather conditions, and the extreme meteorological facts are generally very harmful to the breedings. This scnery has been determinant about choosing this theme for the present study, which has as principal aim to contribute for understanding the local climate and its possible relations to he production and productivity of both wheat and soya bean breeding in this municipality. It has searched to reach the proposal objectives supporting the study in the rhythmical analysis methodology, proposed by Monteiro (1969; l71), which bases itself in the dynamic climatology. At first, datas about the breeding area has been searched, production and productivy of both wheat and soya bean during the period of 1986 - 2005. From that, two agricultural years were chosen as a sample of a good year for each one of the breedings in study - those which has presented the biggest production and producvity in that period, and two years for each breeding as sample of a bad year - those which has presented lower production and productivity during that period. In sequence, metereological datas has been searched at the principal climatological station of Campo Mourão. With those datas it has been made a table referring the monthly average variation of the climatic elements to the surface for the twelve months of the year related to the period of 1986 - 2005, to be used as a referential parameter. To identificate the different kinds of climate and mainly the extreme metereological facts, it has been made a daily scale, a table for each agricultural month of the year used as samples. During the analisys when identificating the extreme metereological facts, like rain in abundance and eventual cold wheater, it has been used images of metereological satellite. The analisys of the tables in daily scales and of the satellite images, has been made related to the different phonologic phases of the plants, it has permited to identificate the critical periods, from a climatic analisys, and the metereological situations harmful to the breedings in study.