Avaliação das alterações físico-hídricas decorrentes do manejo agrícola da cana-de-açúcar na cobertura pedológica do município de São Carlos do Ivaí - PR

Abstract

With the rapid technological development in the agricultural sector experiencing in recent decades, the process of degradation of soil cover has intensified exponentially. The municipality of São Carlos do Ivaí - PR, in which this study was developed, is currently with its farmland cultivated with sugarcane, where is developed a technified management, dependent on the use of large amount of large agricultural machinery. It was evaluated in this study as the Latossolo formed from the decomposition of rock Caiuá Formation and Latossolo formed from the decomposition of the rock of the Serra Geral Formation are reacting to the use and employe management. To achieve these goals, it was made use of the methodology of Cultural Profile and physical and chemical analyzes of the soil, using the standards contained in the Manual of soil analysis methods (EMBRAPA 1997). The results indicates that the eutroferric RED OXISOL typical clayey, originated from the decomposition of rocks of the Serra Geral Formation, had better conditions in their physical properties compared to the dystrophic RED OXISOL medium texture, originated from the decomposition of rock formation Caiuá. As regards, the bulk density the RED OXISOL eutroferric typical clayey had the lowest values compared to dystrophic RED OXISOL medium texture, providing the highest porosity rates and consequently better able to hydraulic conductivity under natural conditions. Based on the results, we can point out that the Oxisol clay texture, when subjected to intensive agricultural management, has greater variations in their physical and hydraulic properties compared to medium texture Oxisol. Faced with the confrontation of values obtained for the main physical properties of the soil, it was observed that in the medium textured Latosol, the effect of compression is less than the Oxisol clayey. Although, the Oxisol clayey count on better conditions of physical properties when compared to medium texture Oxisol, the agricultural management changes over their values. Therefore, it should be noted with extreme attention to soil moisture condition s at the time of the management of sugarcane operations impacted as little as possible the soil volumes, thus maintaining your next natural conditions.