Trabalho, atividade docente e processo de personalização : um estudo a partir da psicologia histórico cultural

Abstract

This dissertation is the result of a bibliographic research whose study object is the analysis of labor and its implications for personality formation. Considering that the debate in psychology field, related to work-education interface, often leads to discourses and practices which are based on an explaining determinist and naturalized set of assumptions which do not goes beyond individuals victimization and/or responsibility for their living conditions, the present study aims at demonstrating labor and education essenciality in humanization process and the consequent personalization of the human individual. Teacher´s occupational activity was defined as guiding the analysis. At the same time, Cultural-Historical Psychology and Historical-dialectic materialism were elected as its theoretical-methodological basis. Then, based on such presumptions, it was accomplished the analysis of four theoretical categories: labor, activity, personality and education. In this sense, this research tried to contribute for the discussion of three questions: 1) Considering Cultural-Historical Psychology and Historical-dialectic materialism, what is the relation between activity and labor categories? 2) Taking into account current educational organization in capitalist society, what are the implications of teacher's work for the teacher's personality formation? 3) Recognizing that the social relations of production which permeate contemporaneous society are alienated and alienating, which is the relation between alienated work and teacher's activity? This way, it is possible to say that labor is the vital human activity, which is also conscious and intentional. It originates the process by which the individual, through the production of his/her material existence, produces his/her psychological existence. Therefore, to understand the personality requires understanding the ways and conditions through which labor is socially organized, leading to the recognition of alienation relations which are in capitalist society. Thus, concerning the transformation process of labor into commodity, the school content emptying is considered as the structural element of labor alienation, which occurs over the laboring class, as well as teacher´s work, destroying the possibility of the entire personality development.