Os modos de ser e de fazer : /b as relações simbólicas entre os trabalhadores do pró-resíduos da Universidade Estadual de Maringá-PR

Abstract

The research aimed at to understand the production and the symbolic changes of collective and inter-subjective significances in a group of workers in a liminal situation. In that context, the theoretical vision of the anthropology of experience and model of Victor Turner's 'social drama' were the conductive thread to this analysis. The study was guided by the premise that the social phenomena are built among the individuals where the different worlds are connected, the personnel (subjective) and the social (inter-subjective), combining the senses and the meanings. Such aspects guided the definition of the methodological procedures and the qualitative tenor of the research. For this universe of human interactions, the construction of the theoretical field and the contents of empiric analysis started from the dialogue among the anthropology, the social psychology and the sociology. From that multidisciplinary encounter the theme and the theoretical aspect of social analysis about the human experience were defined, centered in the conception of liminarity, an important construct capable of explaining different conditions of life expression in the society which happen in institutionalized systems. The ethnographic investigation took place between 2010 and 2011 with a cast of thirteen individuals from the Pro-Residues program, which was responsible for the management of all types of solid and liquid residues, produced in the State University of Maringá-PR. The analysis registrations obtained through field observations involved subjects related to the group in its nature, its structure and competence. With the interview resource it was possible to study the individuals' articulation in their lives and professional experiences. Besides the group's ways of being and doing, the analyses focused the process of identification and construction of the social identities, based in psychological theories and authors whose ideas are directed to the interactional dynamics. It was possible to discuss the meanings of life attributed and built by the members of the group in liminal condition, pointing out the course of the recognition and its position in the identification process. The study also made possible, to understand the phenomenon of liminarity as a positive form of subjective expression and of people's association, conferring to the group a liminal condition that expresses a form of approach and of identification, nor so negative or excluding, as originally pointed by Victor Turner studies. The recognition process, another point of conclusion of equal importance, revealed to be a founding and constituting movement of the identification, one that is essential for the human existence, responsible for articulating the individual with his social world. The final verifications brought me even closer to the conviction that the social and psychological worlds are entwined.