Karl Marx e a Segunda República Francesa : uma teoria sobre a(s) república(s)?

Abstract

This research aims to present the interpretation of Karl Marx on the Republic present in The Class Struggles in France (1848-1850) and The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte and his relationship with the republican thought tradition. In the texts on the French political events between 1848 and 1851, Marx presents as the Republic, won by the Revolution may be understood in different ways by the groups that participated in the process. Thus, each group (workers, petty bourgeois and republican bourgeoisie) won his republic, the one that held his interest. Marx then presents three different nomenclatures for Republic: social, bourgeois (also called constitutional and parliamentary) and (social) democratic; although the author does not say exactly how each would be configured, they are shaped as the development of political conflict, it is a struggle between the classes and their factions. The discourse on the ways that the republic can acquire Marx presents a dialogue, even if indirect, with the tradition of republican thought, especially the "French republicanism". Thus, this work deals with the fact that although commentators Marxian work have not given due attention to the problems of the republic -the place and function that would occupy in thinking this author -such question is present in their texts without it Marx to become a Republican author. So what we see in these texts about France is that the philosopher has a speech about the republic which has a classification of this form of government, showing that not all of them -such as the social republic - appear in a negative way that is just as a form of bourgeois rule.