Autogestão em empreendimentos econômicos solidários : um estudo comparativo de casos em cooperativas de reciclagem de lixo de Maringá-PR

Abstract

The main purpose of this research is to identify the historical events that contributed to the differences on the self-management formation in two solidary economic organizations concerning the selective garbage collection, in Maringá, Paraná State: CooperMaringá and Cocarema. In order to do it, and empirical-theoretical data collection from authors that approach self-management, since Proudhon's initial ideas going through the most recent concepts used in Solidary Economy, was performed. Moreover, in the theory discussion, themes such as cooperative and its origin are approached and also the history of Solidary Economy and its solidary economic organizations. The work is a descriptive one and has predominantly qualitative analysis. In order to perform the data collection, direct observation techniques were used as well as questionnaires and oral interviews about the history with the cooperative partners from both businesses and also with some technicians from Unitrabalho/UEM, who participated in the constituting process of these organizations concerning the first attempt in de-activating the landfill. Self-managing characteristics were found in both organizations in the first part of the data analysis, according to the indicator model of self-management proposed by Anteag (2005), and differences in their ways of management were also identified. Following these findings, the work arises historical aspects that most influenced the presence of these differences, using the oral history methodology. It was highlighted that these differences can be explained by the characteristics of each leadership, as well as by the cooperative partners' background. Concerning leadership and its genre, another interesting aspect was raised, since one of the cooperative businesses has predominantly a female leadership, and the other one, always a male leadership. This way, importance in some extent was given to the matter, although not being deeply discussed, since it was not the central goal of our work. In the conclusion, it is stated that both cooperative businesses have strong self-management characteristics, as well as similar histories in the initial constituting process. Therefore, the differences that appear are due to the individuals involved in each cooperative business, that according to their background and personal characteristics were building each researched endeavor identity.