Aproveitamento de madeiras de podas da arborização urbana : áreas do traçado inicial de Maringá/PR

Abstract

Characterized as green city due to the presence of 28,153 trees in the area of the initial outline of Maringá, which nowadays consists in the named areas of zones 1 to zone 10 and zone 12, was designed by the engineer Jorge Macedo de Vieira, in charge of Companhia Melhoramentos Norte do Paraná (CMNP) for the releasing of the project which printed on the city outline the character of solutions garden city type (SAMPAIO, 2006; REGO, 2001). CMNP invested on people also capable of planning afforestation, planting a lot of species in the city and allowing subsequent flowerings in different places of the city during most of the year, reinforcing the aesthetical principle of the project and implementing the quality of life in the urban area. Through planned afforestation, the inhabitants of Maringá are able to make use of the benefits it generates and, due to this premise, there is a concern with the current quality of this afforestation and, in the end, with the forest residue of the pruning and relocation done by public and private sectors. The research aims in a general way to elicit ways to use wood from the pruning and relocation of the street afforestation in Maringá, focusing on the species of trees in the areas of the initial outline of the city. Interviews were released in the Public Services County Secretry (SEMUSP), department of Maringá city hall responsible for the pruning procedures and relocation of the trees, in order to obtain data on the pruning and on residue management concerning afforestation wood, apart from the observation of pruning and visiting the place of storage of this residue which, until 2011, was placed in the county quarry. The three most frequent tree species chosen for this study were: Caesalpinia peitophoroides (Sibipiruna), Tabebuia avellanedae (Ipê Roxo) and the Tipuana tipu (Tipuana) and, from the pruning of these species, it was examined three ways of using the wood. And, due to the pruning cuts, it was considered to use such wood from branches with the minimum of 5cm of diametre onwards and also the shafts, therefore the three ways of using wood studied were related to the transformation of wood in small wooden objects (SMO), and also as structural elements in the civil construction and transformation of wood in vegetable coal. For these conclusions samples of the pruned wood from the street afforestation were collected and taken under analysis of physical chemical characteristics of the wood according to the standards: ABNT NBR 14660:2004 (preparing for sampling), ABNT NBR 14984:2003 (aparent density of splinters), these rehearsals will testify the possibility of the use of the wood in the making of SWO, and standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997 simplified model (determination of the degree of wood resistence) which verifies that this wood mathes any type of wood used as structural element of civil construction, and the rehearsals for the making of coal and immediate analysis of the coal ABNT NBR 8112:1986. According to the rehearsal results, it was verified that the wood from pruning of Ipê Roxo suits the standard of high density, which means more resistant, and Sibipiruna classifies as moderate density, which may be used in furniture. On the other hand, Tipuana was characterized as being low density, ideal for the making of SWO, in this case, pieces can dealed manually. The obtained results in laboratory show that pruning wood has got elevated usage potencial considering the standard of wood structure (ABNT NBR 7190:1997) with the Ipê Roxo on the C 40 type, Sibipiruna on the C 30 and Tipuana on C 20. For the making of coal it was noticed that the species with potencial for carbonization are the Ipê Roxo and Sibipiruna. The use of these types of wood will be able to be motivated and practiced by Maringá City Hall through social projects, reintegrating people and providing income.