Estudo da utilização de coagulantes naturais e químicos em uma estação de tratamento de água piloto (ETA-Piloto)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the using of natural and chemical coagulants in the coagulation / flocculation applied to a treatment station of pilot water for obtaining drinking water. It also had been evaluated the association of the chemical coagulant PCA. The natural coagulants present a clean technology alternative because it generates less sludge and it is believed that such sludge is biodegradable. The test had been carried out in pilot module, and it had been studied the following coagulants: PCA, Chitosan, Moringa, Tanfloc and associations: and Chitosan PCA, PCA and Moringa, PCA and Tanfloc. The operational conditions of the pilot module had been reproduced in a similar way to the water treatment plant - ETA, the city of Maringá. The treated in water was analyzed in comparison to the parameters established at Portaria 518/2004 of the Ministry of Health. The sludge generated during the coagulation / flocculation was analyzed in terms of its volume, the biodegradability and the gases formed during the degradation test. The natural coagulants were efficient in the process of coagulation / flocculation in the water treatment plant pilot. The removal of apparent color, turbidity and UV-absorbing compounds were higher than 90%. The volume of sludge formed by using of natural coagulants was lower in relation to the volume of sludge generated by the coagulation / flocculation with the PCA. In the association between natural coagulants and PCA it had been observed a reduction in the volume of sludge formed on the use of PCA alone. The use of natural coagulants, alone or in association with the PCA is an alternative to the process of producing drinking water, because it showed good results for the removal of impurities produced smaller amount ,Which is probably biodegradable.