Dispositivo de sexualidade, sujeito e o acontecimento discursivo da AIDS no Brasil

Abstract

This research investigated the discourse produced, in Brazil, in the decade of 1980 about AIDS. The birth of the discourse about AIDS in this decade determined our time lapse through three surfaces of emergency, of the Folha de S. Paulo newspaper; the VEJA weekly magazine; and television campaigns produced by the brazillian Ministério da Saúde through 1987 and 1988. Such media discourses are dispersed throughout that decade, more precisely in 1983, 1987 and 1988. To understand the corpus, this research bases itself on the genealogical and archeological method of Michel Foucault and the technology of power of the dispositive of sexuality. Our objectives in this research are to know: a) how someone with the HIV/Aids virus is subjected to the discursive practices of different medias such as press and television. (Folha de S. Paulo, government funded campaigns e Veja) (?); b) how knowledge about Aids is constructed through the relations of power and knowledge materialized in the discourse (?); c) in which way the dispositive of sexuality acts in relation to the knowledge-power in these discursive practices (?). To operate the constitution of the corpus, the limits of enunciates when the discourses on Aids emerged in three different medias in different years of the 1980 decade. The availability of access to the archives of previous editions and the scope of discourses in national territory were important criterion to determine the selection of enunciate sequences, and by effect, the constitution the corpus. The analysis is undertaken based on the foucaultian method, therefore, investigates, in the discourses, who speaks, the relations of power in which the subject of the discourses is inserted, considering the different discourses formations in which the game of power constitutes the knowledge about the disease and the constitution of the individual in subject that lives with the Aids virus. Through enunciate sequences, the research concluded that the individual contaminated by the HIV retrovirus is objectivized and goes through the process of subjectivities produced by the mediatic discourses per passed different fields of knowledge in relation with three technologies of power: governmentability and discipline and the dispositive of sexuality. This last technique of power acts with the others promoting knowledge about the disease and its manifestation in individuals who, in times of Aids, have their sexuality claimed by different instances of power, those of which seek to regulate e subdue the populations sexual practices seeking to contain the advance of AIDS in different Brazilian populations.