Experimento de Ørsted : subsídios para umaabordagem histórica do assunto no ensino médio

Abstract

In this work we present some aspects of the historical context in which the remark was made of the interaction between the magnetic needle of a compass and a wire with electric current. We also performed an analysis of the interpretations given to this phenomenon by Hans Christian Ørsted (1777-1851), André-Marie Ampère (1775-1836), Michael Faraday (1791-1867) and Jean-Baptiste Biot (1774-1862) in partnership with Félix Savart (1791- 1841), trying to emphasize the concepts that these scientists regarded as fundamental. After this historical study, we made a critical analysis of how textbooks discuss the first ideas associated with the origin of electromagnetism, and in particular how "Ørsted's Experiment" is taught. Finally we suggest a new way to approach the subject so as to take into account the information brought by our historical study. We present, enclosed, the first complete translation to Portuguese of the first paper on electromagnetism written by Faraday entitled Historical Sketch of Electro-magnetism.