Qualidade espermática de zangões de Apis mellifera l. selecionados para produção de geleia real

Abstract

RESUMO: A geleia real e de ampla importancia dentro da colonia para alimentacao da rainha e das larvas, e, em zangoes, ajuda na regulacao de hormonios sexuais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as caracteristicas reprodutivas dos zangoes de colonias que apresentam dois alelos para maior producao de geleia real em relacao as colonias com pelo menos um alelo de menor producao. Em um estudo conduzido em 18 colonias de Apis mellifera L. localizadas em Maringa, PR, e mediante analises moleculares utilizando microssatelite de MRJP3, foi avaliada a presenca dos alelos C, D e E, para maior producao de geleia real, e dos alelos A, B, F e G para baixa producao de geleia real. Com base nos resultados, foram conduzidas as criacoes de zangoes de seis colonias selecionadas, sendo tres delas com a presenca de alelos de maior producao de geleia real (DE e EE) e tres com um alelo de menor producao (EF e EG); ainda, foi realizada a avaliacao da qualidade do semen e o peso de cada um dos zangoes. As colonias que apresentaram os alelos DE e EE tiveram uma maior producao de zangoes, mas com pesos menores em relacao as colonias que apresentaram alelos EF e EG. No entanto, nao foi observada a interferencia dos alelos sobre a qualidade espermatica do zangao, em que a media das variaveis foi: sobrevivencia 88,38%, volume 1,2 ƒÊL, turbilhonamento em massa cinco, e as principais anormalidades dos espermatozoides foram cauda dobrada, cabeca solta, cauda solta e cauda bifurcada. Os alelos de maior producao de geleia real influenciaram o peso e a quantidade de zangoes criados nas colonias de A. mellifera, mas nao a qualidade espermatica.

ABSTRACT: Royal jelly is of great importance within the colony to feed the queen and as larvae, and in drones, it helps in the regulation of sex hormones. This research was carried out to evaluate as reproductive resources of colony drones that presented two alleles for greater production of royal jelly concerning colonies with less than one lesser allele. Through molecular analysis using MRJP3 microsatellite, the presence of alleles C, D and E were evaluated for greater production of royal jelly, and alleles A, B, F and G for low production of royal jelly in 18 colonies of Apis mellifera L. located in Maringa, PR. Drones were reared from six selected colonies, three with the presence of alleles of greater production of royal jelly (DE and EE) and three with an allele of less production (EF and EG), and the evaluation of the semen quality and the weight of each one was evaluated. The colonies that presented the DE and EE alleles had a higher production of drones, but with lower weights concerning the colonies that presented EF and EG alleles. As the colonies that exhibited alleles for greater production of royal jelly, there was a greater production of drones, but with lower weights about the colonies that presented alleles of royal jelly lower production. However, no allele interference was observed on the sperm quality of the drone, with an average of the following variables: 88.38%, volume 1.2 ƒÊL, mass swirling five and main abnormalities of the spermatozoa were bent tail, headless, tailless sperm, and bifurcated tail. The alleles of greater production of royal jelly influence the weight and number of drones reared in the colonies of A. mellifera, but not in the sperm quality.