Objeto virtual de aprendizagem sobre punção intraóssea em adultos para enfermeiros que atual em urgências e emergências

Abstract

ABSTRACT The new guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation recommend intraosseous (IO) puncture as a secondary alternative to drug administration, given difficult conventional peripheral venous access. Worldwide, IO access is indicated in pediatric emergencies. In Brazil, this issue hasn‟t been sufficiently addressed nor in scientific literature or graduation courses. Even though it is considered an alternative, IO access can present complication such as infiltration, fracture, osteomyelitis, sepsis, cellulite, and abscess, which may be related to technical failure during insertion or antisepsis and manipulation of equipment. Therefore, IO puncture should be performed by professionals with training and technical skills, in accordance with the Federal Council of Nursing guidelines. It is believed that investment in technology which may train nurses to perform IO punctures is necessary, since this procedure can be crucial for patient survival. In this way, this study objective is to build a virtual learning object (VLO) about IO puncture for nurses who work in urgent and emergency care services, considering their indications in clinical practice, contraindications, adequate puncture technique, fixation and maintenance of IO access. This is a methodological study with quantitative approach aiming to develop a virtual learning object through educational video about IO puncture recorded in a realistic simulation scenario, following the steps to be described: a) development and validation of educational material; b) development of educational video in realistic simulation scenario; c) validation of VLO by experts. The judges responsible for the validation of educational material were identified through search conducted on the Lattes Platform and CNPq – National Council of Technological and Scientific Development, constituting a group of professional physicians and nurses working in urgent and emergency care services. Data was collected, coded, and organized in charts on Excel software. Data about graduation and experience of the judges were presented by using descriptive statistics. For the validation of the educational material and educational video, the first version was sent to the judges, who, in their majority, reaching over 80%, “agreed completely” or “agreed”. Notwithstanding, due to several suggestions for improving the video, a new version was recorded and sent to the evaluation committee. The research obtained a favorable opinion by the Committee on Ethical Standards in Research with Human Beings at the State University of Maringa, and it has followed all the rules set out in the Resolution 466/12.