Estudo randomizado comparativo do efeito do plasma rico e plasma pobre em plaquetas no tratamento da fascite plantar

Abstract

Plantar fasciitis is the most common causes of heel pain, being a frequent cause of complaints in emergency and outpatient services throughout the country. The present study aims to verify the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy. in the participants affected by this condition, in the short and medium term, through the standardization of the technique for obtaining PRP and the suggestion of developing a treatment protocol. A prospective, longitudinal, double-blind study was carried out with 23 participants with chronic plantar fasciitis aged > 20 years, already treated with conventional methods. Participants were randomly divided into control and PRP-treated groups. The PRP was prepared by collecting 10 mL of the participant's own blood, centrifugation was performed in two stages. All the plasma separated in the first centrifugation was collected and submitted to a new centrifugation. The second stage consisted of a new centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. 2mL of the upper fraction of the supernatant (without leukocytes and platelets) was discarded or used as a control and the remaining 2 mL containing the white fraction of leukocytes and platelets was separated and 1mL of 2% Calcium Gluconate solution was added (treated group). The control group received the superior supernatant fraction (without platelets/leukocytes) and the treated group received the plasma fraction containing the platelets and leukocytes. The application of PRP was performed in a single dose and the patients were evaluated bimonthly until completing 6 months of application. Assessment of response to treatment was performed using the scale validated by the American OrthopedicFootandAnkleSociety (AOFAS) for ankle and hindfoot and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. The clinical outcome analyzed was improvement of the pain and inflammation scale applying generalized linear method analysis (GLM).