Da urgência obstétricia à emergência psicológica: desenvolvimento de um procedimento operacional padrão (POP) e de um equipamento tecnológico para atendimento ao luto parental

Abstract

Few studies have shown the incidence of pregnancy losses and the impact on the family. Nearly 10 to 15% of women with a confirmed pregnancy experience bleeding in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and lose the fetus spontaneously. In maternity, obstetric emergencies can become psychological emergencies, such as pregnancy and neonatal losses. In Brazil, validating bereavement in the face of these losses has been challenging. Some specific care may be positive in coping with the grieving process. Therefore, this study aimed to create a standard operating procedure (SOP) to deal with gestational and neonatal loss and the creation of a technological device called Crisálida, which allows a fair goodbye to the baby's parents and family after death. The study was conducted in two stages: the creation of the Gestational and Neonatal Losses SOP and the development of Crisálida, a cooling mattress that preserves the baby's hydration and odor properties after death. To create the SOP, the following stages were used: defining the title and purpose; objective of the procedure; theoretical review in manuals, and publications to elaborate the steps, description of the steps and sequence with the documented description; review and last, the checklist. The development of the device took place in partnership with Inovatech – a junior engineering company at the UniversidadeEstadual de Maringá, which had the technical ability to develop the device, meeting safety standards, and current legislation. The results were presented based on a care guideline involving the communication of bad news, team interventions before birth and postpartum, collection of baby memories, and respecting the family's wishes at each stage of the SOP. We concluded that the POP may bring better preparation for the team and effectiveness when providing humanized care, making the work of professionals systematized and more respectful to the family. It is worth noting that the actions proposed in this work provide the parents with the opportunity to make decisions regarding how to get closer to their child after death, as well as sensing memories gathered at the hospital. However, the proposal goes further, considering the professional's exposure to a type of death that they usually are not prepared to deal with. To recognize and understand the concerns, parental bereavement care training and personal support are of crucial.